| 2006- |
Senior Research Fellow, the Japan Forum on International Relations, Inc. |
| 1999-2003 |
Professor, Faculty of Economics and Graduate School, Teiko University |
| 1998- |
Visiting Professor, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS) |
| 1998- |
Professor Emeritus, Seikei University |
| 1970-1998 |
Professor, Faculty of Economics and Graduate School, Seikei University |
| 1961-1970 |
Lecturer and Associate Professor, do. |
| 1960-1961 |
Economist, Japan Management Association (JMA) |
| 1956-1960 |
Interpreter, Department of State, The US Federal Government |
